{"contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"jackjacobs"}

The Helmand Imperative

As American forces reduce their active involvement in Iraq, insurgents have begun to test the resolve of Iraqi troops. Violence is up and will probably rise, particularly in areas---like Mosul---that have been battlegrounds between Arabs and Kurds or between Arab sects. Setbacks or not, the American withdrawal will continue on schedule: there are now about 130,000 Americans there, down nearly 20% over the last few months. To the very limited extent that our adevnture is Iraq has been a partial success, it is because about three years ago we jettisoned discredited tactics and instead employed proven techniques of counterinsurgency.

Meanwhile, President Obama is fulfilling one of his related campaign promises: to press the war against the Taliban in Afghanistan. About a month ago, the previous commander of the American effort there was replaced with Lieutenant General Stanley McChrystal, a special operatrions expert. McCrystal's boss, General David Petraeus, has been a particularly articulate and forceful advocate of an integrated national reposnse to unconventional threats, rather than the use of military power alone.

This week, we are watching the start of the first major operation against the Taliban since Obama was elected. Employing about 4,000 US Marines, the objective is to eliminate the Taliban from Helmand Province in southern Afghanistan by first securing the geographical area, but, as in Anbar Province in Iraq, that can not occur if forces come and then promptly leave. The troops have to stay there.

Along with Kandahar, Helmand has been the purview of the Taliban, which has been unopposed in its domination of the region. Significantly, southern Afghanistan is the source of almost all of the world's opium, which in turn has been the source of much of the Taliban's operational money. Break the Taliban's hold on the south, and you may break the Taliban.

Military operations are almost always phased, and this is only the first step in proving that the Petraeus-McChrystal strategy will work in Afghanistan, a place as different from Iraq as nearly any other in the world. Iraq has been a cosmopolitan and centrally-governed place since ancient times. Afghanistan is less a nation than a loose assemblage of tribal groups. There is little or no loyalty to Kabul, and indeed neither Kabul nor even Afghanistan means anything to most tribesmen. The place exemplifies the notion that all politics are local.

The good news is that a fragmented country may be easier to secure than a monolithic one because it can be done one bit at a time. But very quickly after the start of the initial phase, unconventional conflict requires more than physical security and thus more than a brigade of Marines. Expertise from all executive departments, including State and Agriculture, is essential to transform temporary security---purchased with American blood---into long-term stability.

The trouble is that American presidents have a rotten record of getting their civilians behind their policies and have regularly left the Defense Department holding the bag. There is no more sobering example than a startling incident near the end of the Bush administration. When the president was finally convinced that military power alone would never get Iraq into shape, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice ordered some career Foreign Service officers to Iraq, but these parasites publicly refused.

Governing is not always the result of feel-good consensus-building, but success in the business of governance surely requires leadership, and it is lamentable that leadership is often in dreadfully short supply in Washington.

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{"commentId":7993643,"authorDomain":"kpeltonen85"}

From what I understand, the Iraq situation has moved from a fight with religious sectarian and Al-Qaeda forces to one of rival warlord factions. The overthrow of Saddam left a power vacuum that can't be filled by democratically elected officials overnight; nobody is brutal enough to pummel these groups into submission. At a certain point, America would just been involving itself in the politics of Iraq more than it already is so, I'm glad we've stepped out for the most part.

But still a lot of work to be done in Afghanistan. The Corp is really tearing ass across southern Afghanistan today. A strong infantry and light armor assault plus a Pakistani border watch might actually push this conflict to resolution. The Taliban can only blame their own short-sighted Pakistan land grab for this latest development. Fanatics are so good at destroying themselves.

{"commentId":7993643,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"kpeltonen85"}
    Reply#1 - Thu Jul 2, 2009 4:58 PM EDT
    {"commentId":7999891,"authorDomain":"amberneve"}
    When the president was finally convinced that military power alone would never get Iraq into shape, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice ordered some career Foreign Service officers to Iraq, but these parasites publicly.

    . . . ???

    {"commentId":7999891,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"amberneve"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#2 - Thu Jul 2, 2009 11:28 PM EDT
    {"commentId":8002514,"authorDomain":"farmer"}

    Very poorly proofed and edited. I have come to expect better from this author. Is Jack Jacobs really publishing this column or is it some producer? Sorry, but would prefer a more professional presentation by MSNBC contributors.

    {"commentId":8002514,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"farmer"}
      Reply#3 - Fri Jul 3, 2009 8:23 AM EDT
      {"commentId":8021982,"authorDomain":"jackjacobs"}

      Good catch. The excitement of 4 July distracted THIS old fogey.

      {"commentId":8021982,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"jackjacobs"}
      • 1 vote
      #3.1 - Sat Jul 4, 2009 10:41 AM EDT
      {"commentId":8023501,"authorDomain":"farmer"}

      On reread I think I understand a little better about what you are saying and even agree a little more with your point of view. Having developed a pacifist philosophy I have a hard time dealing with hardline military types but accept the fact that they are a necessary part of our world. On the other hand, the task that you give to Petraeus and expect him to succeed in is the task of a President and not of a General officer. Don't get me wrong, it is wonderful we have a General who has a macro view of foreign operations but he should only be able to advise POTUS on strategies and do his tactical best to fulfill his mission. When Generals start having illusions of major victories that include the pacification of indigenous rebels, revolutionaries and think their actions are going to sway the neighboring countries into appreciating the General's view, we tempt disaster. We couldn't do it in Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, or any where else that we have tried. POTUS needs to get back to his US duties and let some of these foreign affairs stew for a while. There have been exceptions but the countries we have left alone even though we didn't or don't like them seem to be living fairly peacefully.

      I wish I could remember the real name of the book I read a few years ago. It was something like "The Pen and the Sword" and was a series of 50 or so essays about various military geniouses throughout history going back to Jacob and coming home to Eisenhower, Churchill and others. One thing that stood out was that most successful Generals never really fought their troops. Instead they used the influence of their force and assets plus whatever political reinforcements were available to skirt action, to retreat, to refuse to enter combat when waiting a while would produce the desire affect.

      {"commentId":8023501,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"farmer"}
        #3.2 - Sat Jul 4, 2009 12:39 PM EDT
        Reply
        {"commentId":8023698,"authorDomain":"jfxgillis"}

        Colonel Jack:

        When the president was finally convinced that military power alone would never get Iraq into shape, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice ordered some career Foreign Service officers to Iraq, but these parasites publicly refused.

        Good for them. I bet they wouldn't do that now--and not for partisan reasons, either. Bush screwed over the Foreign Service seven ways from Sunday throughout his term. Then he tries to set them up for failure and blame at the end and he thinks they'll go for it? "Thank you, sir, may I have another"?

        {"commentId":8023698,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"jfxgillis"}
        • 1 vote
        Reply#4 - Sat Jul 4, 2009 12:52 PM EDT
        {"commentId":8089387,"authorDomain":"matthew-babiarz"}

        Good for them? They are public servants, if they didn't like the assignment they had one option, resign. Marganialized or not, when the Head of State called on the Department of State they all gave him the one finger salute. They are lucky they dont fall under DoD because in the military we called what those guys pulled mutiny, or at the very least, disobeying a direct and lawful order.

        {"commentId":8089387,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"matthew-babiarz"}
        • 1 vote
        #4.1 - Tue Jul 7, 2009 10:56 PM EDT
        {"commentId":8089952,"authorDomain":"amberneve"}

        Not to justify insubordination, but if their heart was not in it, they probably would not have been effective anyway.

        {"commentId":8089952,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"amberneve"}
        • 2 votes
        #4.2 - Tue Jul 7, 2009 11:33 PM EDT
        Reply
        {"commentId":8024542,"authorDomain":"PrimarySources"}
        Military operations are almost always phased, and this is only the first step in proving that the Petraeus-McChrystal strategy will work in Afghanistan, a place as different from Iraq as nearly any other in the world

        Couple of points - first is that although the two places are very different, there are unifying themes that run through both, and very often both strategy and tactics that are proven in one theatre can be re-used in another. The very Marines who are in Afghanistan now found that when they when redeployed from Afganistan 1 (immediately following 9/11) to Iraq. They had a major headstart over their doggy colleagues in many ways because of the experience they gained in A-Stan.

        Second point is that a major component that MUST be remembered is the nation-building piece. No counter-insurgency approach, no matter how flexible and adaptive, will ever work without giving the local populations a concrete reason to appreciate (and thus support) the friendlies more than they fear (and thus knuckle under to) the Taliban whackos. This is why among the few bright spots in the efforts in Afghanistan to date have been the efforts of the Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs). That point leads to a cautionary note, as well. Depriving poor villagers of even a meagre income by wiping out their poppy crops is a loser's game, unless you're willing to help them find some other way to feed their families. Many, many so-called 'Taliban' are just locals who have taken a bounty from the Talibs in order to make a buck after earlier eradication campaigns have wiped out their livelihood.

        It would be a huge mistake to embark on a massive and ill-informed eradication campaign now, just because of an American 'War on Drugs' distaste for poppy farming. For once, let's at least try to understand the dynamics of the situation before charging in to 'fix' it, hmmm?

        {"commentId":8024542,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"PrimarySources"}
          Reply#5 - Sat Jul 4, 2009 1:50 PM EDT
          {"commentId":8025476,"authorDomain":"whatsthetruth52"}

          I would remind everyone that the USSR had a 10 year war with Afghanistan and lost. Do we want to learn from the past or repeat it. Fighting a conventional war with these people is impossible. They will melt into the hills and caves and wait us out. Look at all the success we have had in finding Osama. We need to find new ways to fight this type of war. If we are going to fight a war, lets fight it to win. War is hell, people die in wars, innocent people die in wars, we need to expect that. We can't be too hung up on the fact the people die in wars. We can try our best not to kill innocent civilians, but that is what war is all about. Killing people until they stop trying to kill us.

          {"commentId":8025476,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"whatsthetruth52"}
          • 2 votes
          Reply#6 - Sat Jul 4, 2009 2:57 PM EDT
          {"commentId":8033632,"authorDomain":"cookaerospace"}

          I had the experience of being one of the Americans still on the ground in Vietnam in late 1972. America at that point had already made up its mind to lose the war after putting an immense amount of treasure and young lives into trying to win it. Once you decide to lose, the actual losing strategy is immaterial. The enemy on the other hand can try any tactics they want and they will look brilliant because whatever they do is sure to work.

          Actually, phases of the war in Afghanistan have looked an awful lot like "conventional war."

          When the Northern Alliance was fighting the Taliban without any outside help the war actually came to resemble World War One, with each side hunkered down in trenches and only a few tanks controlling the ebb and flow of battles. This is why the high-tech American intervention was so quickly decisive in throwing the Taliban out.

          The enemy now wages war by using suicide bombers and a lot of money to buy strategically placed traitors. Not bad tactics, if you can afford it.

          {"commentId":8033632,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"cookaerospace"}
          • 1 vote
          Reply#7 - Sun Jul 5, 2009 6:25 AM EDT
          {"commentId":8088125,"authorDomain":"davidemeadows"}

          I couldn't care less if Iraq fragments. Iran is no threat, despite what the paranoia.

          {"commentId":8088125,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"davidemeadows"}
            Reply#8 - Tue Jul 7, 2009 9:43 PM EDT
            {"commentId":8091267,"authorDomain":"tom-carter"}

            I don't think there's much possibility that anything the U.S. does will be successful in turning Afghanistan into something resembling a modern nation state, much less a functional democracy. Invaders and would-be conquerors throughout history have learned that lesson, sometimes at great cost. In truth it's a land of primitive tribes and clans to whom the concept of loyalty to some distant government in Kabul is totally foreign. We may succeed in fighting for and holding some tribal areas, and the combination of McCrystal and Petraeus may make that possible. But once troops are withdrawn from an area, the situation will revert to what it was before they arrived.

            If we had invaded, deposed the Taliban, captured Osama bin Laden, and then gone home the enterprise would have been an unqualified success. Of course, the Taliban would have re-emerged, and over the long term nothing much would have changed. That's the same thing that's going to happen when the U.S. and NATO leave Afghanistan, or when troops and aggressive operations are significantly reduced. We could have saved ourselves a lot of blood and money by leaving some years ago, and we would save future losses if we left now.

            {"commentId":8091267,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"tom-carter"}
              Reply#9 - Wed Jul 8, 2009 1:42 AM EDT
              {"commentId":8094608,"authorDomain":"cookaerospace"}

              The Obamacrats seem to be willing to fight in Afghanistan and only time will tell how North Korea, Iran, and Iraq work out.

              More interesting to me is the fact that at one time democracy seemed to have swept South America and free market capitalism despite many troubles and setbacks was gradually improving life most places. Today however, South America and Central America both seem to be turning into playgrounds for socialist-minded leaders who want to be presidents for life. The Obamocrats seems to be offering very little resistance, perhaps even tacit encouragement to this deplorable trend.

              All of which leads us to the conclustion that that the Obama administration and the Democrat Congress really don't have much commitment to either democracy or free enterprise capitalism in the long run. Maybe not in the short run either.

              {"commentId":8094608,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"cookaerospace"}
                Reply#10 - Wed Jul 8, 2009 10:24 AM EDT
                {"commentId":8110315,"authorDomain":"PrimarySources"}
                perhaps even tacit encouragement to this deplorable trend

                I wonder how you can say this, when by far the marjority of dominoes that fell in S.A. did so during the term of G.W. Bush?

                All of which leads us to the conclustion that that the Obama administration and the Democrat Congress really don't have much commitment to either democracy or free enterprise capitalism in the long run. Maybe not in the short run either.

                Um. No, it doesn't. You may be comfortable with the wild leap in logic that led you from Obama being willing to commit troops to Afghanistan directly to he and his congress not being democratic, but I can assure you that from a perspective outside your cerebrum, it doesn't make any logical sense at all.

                2 + 2 does not equal green turnip fur.

                {"commentId":8110315,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"PrimarySources"}
                • 1 vote
                #10.1 - Wed Jul 8, 2009 9:18 PM EDT
                Reply
                {"commentId":8116184,"authorDomain":"cookaerospace"}

                Well, Obama and most Democrats will probably say they are all for free elections and for free enterprise. But when you actually hold the elections they favor election rules that (as one judge pronounced here in Washington after the 2004 disputed race for governor) really put all voters on the honor system. As a practical matter it is impossible to track down and verify that everyone who asked for a ballot and turned one in was legally entitled to do so.

                In Mexican elections voters have to present a photo ID and be fingerprinted after physically showing up at the polls. As the U.S. increasingly goes to absentee ballots that were mailed in from people who received a ballot after showing no more verification of their identity than an envelope from a utility company associating a name they claim with an address they claim, we are to be ruled by "voters" whose identities or even existence is impossible to verify and will never be verified. With the rise of e-billing by utilities even that level of verification becomes harder to check.

                Democrats say they favor free enterprise but they want government bureaucrats in every board room to check that companies are behaving themselves. If a board votes for a risky course of action to try and save a faltering company, the government will have to approve first, which rules out doing anything in a timely manner, especially reacting to market changes. Having boards or CEO's becomes a joke as government really calls every shot, despite the protestations by Obama that he doesn't want to run all these corporations.

                But getting back to national defense, I am willing to grant that the Obama administration may hang in and fight the good fight in Afghanistan against those who hate women getting educated and love to stone to death a woman accused of adultery after a "trial" in a religious court. I may even agree that the F-22 is a wonderful airplane but its mission in the future can be done better by cheaper systems.

                I don't agree that the USA should further decrease its nuclear stockpile, or cut back on missile defense in any way. I am beginning to think that the Army's Future Weapons System (which is heavily reliant on GPS satellites) had better have a fall-back mode if all GPS and communications satellites are taken out by enemy actions. Near-Earth orbits in particular may made un-usuable by dense debris fields.

                I am beginning to think that there are a lot more potent forms of cyber warfare out there than what the North Koreans are fooling with at present. Worse yet, we don't even seem to be able to get at the source computers of the North Korean provocations.

                {"commentId":8116184,"threadId":"618088","contentId":"2990671","authorDomain":"cookaerospace"}
                  Reply#11 - Thu Jul 9, 2009 9:20 AM EDT
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